Bluebook Citation Generator

Create Bluebook citations for free. Paste a DOI, ISBN or link, or fill in the form, and get the bibliography entry and the footnote formatted to law review footnotes. No sign-up, nothing to install.

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    Paste and cite

    DOI, ISBN, PubMed, arXiv, YouTube or any web page. The details come from Crossref, Open Library, NCBI and the page itself.

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    Every field your style needs is checked, and gaps are flagged in amber before they cost you marks.

    10,863 styles

    The official Citation Style Language files, the same ones Zotero and Mendeley use, plus a dedicated AGLC4 engine.

    Bluebook rules students get wrong

    Bluebook, law review footnotes. Used in: Law in the United States, in law reviews, law school writing and the courts.

    • Citations go in footnotes; each footnote is a sentence and ends with a full stop.
    • Cite the authority in the footnote immediately before with "Id.", and a pinpoint with "at": Id. at 437 (rule 4.1).
    • Refer back to an earlier book or article with "supra note" and the footnote number; cases are not cited with supra (rule 4.2).
    • Cases cite the volume, reporter and first page: Roe v. Wade, 410 U.S. 113 (1973).

    Bluebook examples for every source

    Each example below was formatted by this generator, so it is exactly what you will get.

    Journal article

    Bibliography entry

    Yann LeCun, Yoshua Bengio & Geoffrey Hinton, Deep Learning, 521 Nature 436 (2015).

    Footnote

    Yann LeCun, Yoshua Bengio & Geoffrey Hinton, Deep Learning, 521 Nature 436, 437 (2015).

    Later footnotes

    LeCun, Bengio & Hinton, supra note 1, at 437.

    Book

    Bibliography entry

    Daniel Kahneman, Thinking, Fast and Slow (2011).

    Footnote

    Daniel Kahneman, Thinking, Fast and Slow 20 (2011).

    Later footnotes

    Kahneman, supra note 1, at 20.

    Chapter in an edited book

    Bibliography entry

    Amos Tversky & Daniel Kahneman, Judgment under Uncertainty: Heuristics and Biases, in Judgment under uncertainty: Heuristics and biases 3 (Daniel Kahneman, Paul Slovic, & Amos Tversky eds., 1982).

    Footnote

    Amos Tversky & Daniel Kahneman, Judgment under Uncertainty: Heuristics and Biases, in Judgment under uncertainty: Heuristics and biases 3, 4 (Daniel Kahneman, Paul Slovic, & Amos Tversky eds., 1982).

    Later footnotes

    Tversky & Kahneman, supra note 1, at 4.

    Web page

    Bibliography entry

    World Health Organization, Depression, World Health Organization (Mar. 31, 2023), https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/depression.

    Footnote

    World Health Organization, Depression, World Health Organization (Mar. 31, 2023), https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/depression.

    Later footnotes

    World Health Organization, supra note 1.

    YouTube video

    Bibliography entry

    3Blue1Brown, But What Is a Neural Network? | Deep Learning Chapter 1, (2017), https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aircAruvnKk.

    Footnote

    3Blue1Brown, But What Is a Neural Network? | Deep Learning Chapter 1, 4:15 (2017), https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aircAruvnKk.

    Later footnotes

    3Blue1Brown, supra note 1, at 4:15.

    Podcast episode

    Bibliography entry

    Ira Glass, Amusement Park, This American Life (2011), https://www.thisamericanlife.org/443/amusement-park.

    Footnote

    Ira Glass, Amusement Park, This American Life 12:30 (2011), https://www.thisamericanlife.org/443/amusement-park.

    Later footnotes

    Glass, supra note 1, at 12:30.

    Lecture or speech

    Bibliography entry

    Randy Pausch, Really Achieving Your Childhood Dreams, (2007), https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ji5_MqicxSo.

    Footnote

    Randy Pausch, Really Achieving Your Childhood Dreams, 10:05 (2007), https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ji5_MqicxSo.

    Later footnotes

    Pausch, supra note 1, at 10:05.

    Newspaper article

    Bibliography entry

    Kevin Roose, A Conversation with Bing’s Chatbot Left Me Deeply Unsettled, The New York Times, Feb. 16, 2023, https://www.nytimes.com/2023/02/16/technology/bing-chatbot-microsoft-chatgpt.html.

    Footnote

    Kevin Roose, A Conversation with Bing’s Chatbot Left Me Deeply Unsettled, The New York Times, Feb. 16, 2023, https://www.nytimes.com/2023/02/16/technology/bing-chatbot-microsoft-chatgpt.html.

    Later footnotes

    Roose, supra note 1.

    Magazine article

    Bibliography entry

    Nicholas Carr, Is Google Making Us Stupid?, 302 The Atlantic, July 2008, at 56.

    Footnote

    Nicholas Carr, Is Google Making Us Stupid?, 302 The Atlantic, July 2008, at 56.

    Later footnotes

    Carr, supra note 1, at 57.

    Report

    Bibliography entry

    World Health Organization, World Mental Health Report: Transforming Mental Health for All (2022), https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240049338.

    Footnote

    World Health Organization, World Mental Health Report: Transforming Mental Health for All (2022), https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240049338.

    Later footnotes

    World Health Organization, supra note 1.

    Thesis or dissertation

    Bibliography entry

    John Forbes Nash, Non-Cooperative Games (1950) (PhD thesis dissertation, Princeton University).

    Footnote

    John Forbes Nash, Non-Cooperative Games (1950) (PhD thesis dissertation, Princeton University).

    Later footnotes

    Nash, supra note 1.

    Conference paper

    Bibliography entry

    Ashish Vaswani et al., Attention Is All You Need, 30 in Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 5998 (2017).

    Footnote

    Ashish Vaswani et al., Attention Is All You Need, 30 in Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 5998 (2017).

    Later footnotes

    Vaswani et al., supra note 1.

    Dataset

    Bibliography entry

    R. A. Fisher, Iris, (1988).

    Footnote

    R. A. Fisher, Iris, (1988).

    Later footnotes

    Fisher, supra note 1.

    Film

    Bibliography entry

    Inception, (2010).

    Footnote

    Inception, 1:12:05 (2010).

    Later footnotes

    Inception, supra note 1, at 1:12:05.

    Software or app

    Bibliography entry

    R Core Team, R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing, (2023), https://www.R-project.org/.

    Footnote

    R Core Team, R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing, (2023), https://www.R-project.org/.

    Later footnotes

    R Core Team, supra note 1.

    ChatGPT or other AI

    Bibliography entry

    OpenAI, ChatGPT, (Mar 14 version ed. 2023), https://chat.openai.com/chat.

    Footnote

    OpenAI, ChatGPT, (Mar 14 version ed. 2023), https://chat.openai.com/chat.

    Later footnotes

    OpenAI, supra note 1.

    Dictionary or encyclopedia entry

    Bibliography entry

    Merriam-Webster, Culture, Merriam-Webster.com dictionary, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/culture (last visited Sept. 28, 2026).

    Footnote

    Merriam-Webster, Culture, Merriam-Webster.com dictionary, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/culture (last visited Sept. 28, 2026).

    Later footnotes

    Merriam-Webster, supra note 1.

    Preprint (arXiv, SSRN, bioRxiv)

    Bibliography entry

    Jacob Devlin et al., BERT: Pre-Training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understanding (Oct. 11, 2018).

    Footnote

    Jacob Devlin et al., BERT: Pre-Training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understanding (Oct. 11, 2018).

    Later footnotes

    Devlin et al., supra note 1.

    Blog post

    Bibliography entry

    Andrej Karpathy, The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Recurrent Neural Networks, Andrej Karpathy blog (May 21, 2015), https://karpathy.github.io/2015/05/21/rnn-effectiveness/.

    Footnote

    Andrej Karpathy, The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Recurrent Neural Networks, Andrej Karpathy blog (May 21, 2015), https://karpathy.github.io/2015/05/21/rnn-effectiveness/.

    Later footnotes

    Karpathy, supra note 1.

    Court case

    Bibliography entry

    Mabo v Queensland (No 2), 175 CLR 1 (HCA 1992).

    Footnote

    Mabo v Queensland (No 2), 175 CLR 1, 42 (HCA 1992).

    Later footnotes

    Mabo v Queensland (No 2), 175 CLR at 42.

    Legislation

    Bibliography entry

    Privacy Act 1988 (Cth).

    Footnote

    Privacy Act 1988 (Cth).

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    Questions

    Citations are formatted by citeproc-js by Frank Bennett (CPAL-1.0, or AGPL-1.0), the engine behind Zotero and Mendeley, running the official Citation Style Language styles (10,863 styles, commit 2e93558) and locales (commit a89adec), used under CC BY-SA 3.0. AGLC4 citations use the LexIntellect AGLC4 engine, checked against the Guide's worked examples. Always check a citation against the manual or your institution's guide before you submit.

    Which edition of Bluebook does this follow?

    Bluebook: law review footnotes, formatted from the bluebook-law-review style in the Citation Style Language repository. It is not yet checked against the examples in The Bluebook, so check the final list against the manual.

    Who uses Bluebook?

    Law in the United States, in law reviews, law school writing and the courts.

    Is the Bluebook generator free?

    Yes. No account, no limit, and every export (Word, BibTeX, RIS, CSL-JSON) is included. Your list stays in your browser.

    Where do the details come from when I paste a DOI or link?

    DOIs come from Crossref and DataCite, ISBNs from Open Library and Google Books, PubMed IDs from NCBI, arXiv IDs from arXiv, YouTube links from YouTube, and web pages from the citation metadata the publisher embeds in the page (the same tags Google Scholar reads). Pages that carry no metadata are filled in as far as possible and the gaps are flagged for you.

    Can I export to Word, Zotero, EndNote or LaTeX?

    Yes. Copy the list with its italics into Word or Google Docs, download a formatted .docx, or export BibTeX for LaTeX, RIS for EndNote, Zotero and Mendeley, or CSL-JSON.

    How do I cite a quote from a video or lecture?

    Add the timestamp in the pinpoint box and paste the quote: the generator formats both for your style. To find the exact wording and the time it was said, get the full transcript of the video with timestamps first.